MORPHOMETRICS IS the quantitative study of biological shape, shape variation, and covariation of shape with other biotic or abiotic variables or factors. Such quantification introduces much-needed rigor into the description of and comparison between morphologies. Application of morphometric techniques therefore benefits any research field that depends upon comparative morphology. This course serves as foundational and intermediate exploratory techniques in landmark-based geometric morphometrics. The fundamental issues that are most frequently faced by students conducting studies of comparative morphology are covered.
-Traditional morphometrics involves summarizing morphology in terms of length measurements, ratios, or angles, that can be investigated individually.
-Landmark-based geometric morphometrics involves summarizing shape in terms of a landmark configuration and is inherently multidimensional.
-Outline-based geometric morphometrics involves summarizing the shape of open or closed curves (perimeters), typically without fixed landmarks.
Meanwhile modern landmark-based geometric morphometrics is a powerful approach to quantifying biological shape, shape variation which incorporates three aforementioned approaches. The topics covered in this course include:
How to acquire landmark data in 2D and 3D
How to perform GPA and visualize shape variation
Hhow to quantify and statistically compare the amount of shape variation with ANOVA/MANOVA
How to compute landmark error (digitization error)
How to perform PCA and Allometry
How to visualize morphometry plots in Shiny app.